Foundation of a university on 7 April 1348
New developments in education came in the first half of the fourteenth century, when after the death of John of Luxembourg (also known as John of Bohemia, 1296–1346), the crown passed to his son, Charles IV (1316–1378), King of Bohemia and Roman Emperor. Once on the throne, he started an ambitious project whose aim was to transform Prague from a regional centre to a city of European importance. One of the things he did in order to achieve this goal was the foundation of a university on 7 April 1348. From the very beginning, this university included also a medical faculty, which makes it one of the oldest such institutions in Europe. Little is known about the early days of medical education in Prague. About the first generation of professors we know in many cases only their names, but even that indicates something about the scope and size of the Prague university. By 1419, when the university’s activity was substantially reduced, medicine had been taught by at least 67 professors. The earliest professors included, for instance, Master Waltherus, 13 who also served as rector of the School of Virgin Mary Before Týn and died before 1354. A number of university masters had links to the royal court, such as Master Reimbotus Eberhardi de Castro (died after 1363), who was the royal physician to Charles IV and his wife Queen Anna (1339–1362) in mid-fourteenth century. His contemporary, Ioannes Henrici de Nova Domo (died after 1375), who taught in Prague in 1365–1375, held the same position at the court.

• To be a dynamic component of the European medical educational system
• To run the leading-edge biomedical research within the broader frame of the European Research Area 
• To be recognized as a valuable member of the local community.

• We are here to teach medical professionals of the future: We provide undergraduate, graduate and professional programmes of the highest academic quality, taught either in Czech or English languages, pursuing internationally significant scholarship. Academic excellence, stimulation of creativity and intellectual curiosity are the highly ranking values in periodic internal evaluation of our teaching staff. The Faculty encourages and supports outstanding research trainees and research training programmes.
• We seek for talents: Our students are recruited from across  Europe , America, Asia and Africa and our study programmes are regularly accredited in Europe and USA.
• Science is future of all of us: Faculty is heavily investing in research infrastructure. Our laboratories take advantage of virtually all state-of-the-art technologies that are in hands of enthusiastic staff with an international experience and reputation. Funding generated by scientific activities recently represents the majority of the Faculty budget.
• Changing picture of our common Europe: The Faculty itself benefits from “on-the-spot” dialogue of researchers and doctors. Our research teams are involved in multiple national research projects emphasizing collaboration between basic and clinical sciences, together with researchers in other disciplines from extramural institutions. Importantly, our engagement in international teams and EU projects sharply increases.
• Turning scientists into entrepreneurs: Our results demonstrate outstanding commitment to basic, clinical and applied research. The Faculty leadership together with the University management builds standard procedures of the technology transfer and win-win academia-industry liaison in compliance with the existing European rules.
• Beyond the R&D community borders: Faculty experts are regularly involved in popularization of science among the community and from their side they promote public health awareness.  In collaboration with journalists and media, our doctors and researchers focus on the major public medicine problems, but also help to spread fundamental scientific facts, explain how science works and develops. Our vision is to help building the knowledge based society in broader terms.